Cepmox

Cepmox is an antibiotic from the penicillin group used to treat infections such as pneumonia, gonorrhea caused by E. coli, salmonella, etc.

Product dosage: 250mg
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Cepmox (amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium) represents a clinically advanced beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination antibiotic formulation designed for targeted bacterial eradication. This potent therapeutic agent combines the established efficacy of amoxicillin with clavulanate potassium, effectively overcoming common resistance mechanisms employed by beta-lactamase-producing pathogens. Its dual-action mechanism ensures reliable coverage against a wide array of Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, making it a first-line choice for numerous moderate to severe bacterial infections. Pharmaceutical development has optimized its bioavailability and tissue penetration profile, providing clinicians with a trusted option for both community-acquired and hospital-onset infections where resistant organisms are suspected or confirmed.

Features

• Contains amoxicillin trihydrate equivalent to 500 mg or 875 mg amoxicillin with clavulanate potassium
• Available in immediate-release tablet, chewable tablet, and oral suspension formulations
• Potassium clavulanate concentration standardized at 125 mg per dose regardless of amoxicillin strength
• Film-coated tablets designed for improved tolerability and swallowing ease
• Oral suspension available in 125 mg/5 mL, 200 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL, and 400 mg/5 mL concentrations
• Demonstrated stability across pH ranges compatible with gastrointestinal absorption
• Manufactured under cGMP standards with consistent dissolution profiles

Benefits

• Provides broad-spectrum coverage against beta-lactamase-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella species
• Enhanced bacterial eradication rates compared to amoxicillin monotherapy in resistant infections
• Flexible dosing regimens adaptable to various patient populations including pediatric and geriatric patients
• Established safety profile with extensive clinical experience spanning decades
• Cost-effective therapeutic option compared to newer broad-spectrum alternatives
• Reduced hospitalization requirements through effective outpatient management of moderate infections

Common use

Cepmox is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of designated microorganisms in the conditions listed below:

• Lower respiratory tract infections including community-acquired pneumonia, bronchitis, and bronchiectasis exacerbations
• Otitis media and sinusitis where beta-lactamase producing pathogens are suspected
• Skin and skin structure infections including cellulitis, abscesses, and wound infections
• Urinary tract infections including cystitis and pyelonephritis
• Bone and joint infections particularly those caused by Staphylococcus species
• Intra-abdominal infections including peritonitis and diverticulitis
• Bacterial septicemia when caused by susceptible organisms
• Dental infections including periodontitis and dentoalveolar abscesses
• Prophylactic use in contaminated surgery according to institutional guidelines

Dosage and direction

Dosage varies based on infection severity, pathogen susceptibility, renal function, and patient factors:

Adults and children ≥40 kg:

• Mild to moderate infections: 500 mg every 12 hours or 250 mg every 8 hours
• Severe infections: 875 mg every 12 hours or 500 mg every 8 hours
• Community-acquired pneumonia: 875 mg every 12 hours for 7-10 days

Children <40 kg:

• Based on amoxicillin component (25-45 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours or 20-40 mg/kg/day divided every 8 hours)
• Otitis media: 90 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours for 10 days
• Maximum pediatric dose should not exceed adult recommendations

Renal impairment adjustment:

• CrCl >30 mL/min: No adjustment necessary
• CrCl 10-30 mL/min: 250-500 mg every 12 hours
• CrCl <10 mL/min: 250-500 mg every 24 hours
• Hemodialysis patients: 250-500 mg every 24 hours with supplemental dose after dialysis

Administration should occur at the start of a meal to enhance absorption and minimize gastrointestinal disturbances. Tablets should be swallowed whole with adequate fluid. The oral suspension must be shaken vigorously before each use and refrigerated after reconstitution.

Precautions

• Complete the full prescribed course even if symptoms improve to prevent resistance development
• Monitor for superinfections including fungal overgrowth and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea
• Use with caution in patients with mononucleosis due to increased rash incidence
• Periodic assessment of renal, hepatic, and hematopoietic function during prolonged therapy
• May cause false-positive glucose reactions with copper reduction tests (Benedict’s, Fehling’s, Clinitest)
• Potential for vitamin K deficiency requiring prophylaxis in patients with poor nutritional status
• Avoid in patients with phenylketonuria due to aspartame content in some formulations
• Consider alternative contraception methods during therapy as antibiotics may reduce efficacy of oral contraceptives

Contraindications

• History of serious hypersensitivity reactions to amoxicillin, clavulanate, or other beta-lactam antibiotics
• Previous episodes of Cepmox-associated cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction
• Patients with known infectious mononucleosis due to high incidence of maculopapular rash
• Concurrent administration with disulfiram due to alcohol content in some formulations
• Combination with bacteriostatic antibiotics may antagonize bactericidal effects
• Severe renal impairment (CrCl <30 mL/min) without appropriate dosage adjustment

Possible side effect

Common (≥1% incidence):

• Diarrhea/loose stools (9%)
• Nausea (3%)
• Skin rashes and urticaria (3%)
• Vomiting (1%)
• Vaginal candidiasis (1%)
• Abdominal discomfort

Less common (0.1-1% incidence):

• Elevated liver enzymes (AST, ALT)
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Thrombophlebitis at injection site (IV formulation)
• Reversible leukopenia

Rare (<0.1% incidence):

• Antibiotic-associated colitis
• Hepatitis and cholestatic jaundice
• Acute interstitial nephritis
• Hemolytic anemia
• Anaphylaxis
• Stevens-Johnson syndrome
• Serum sickness-like reactions
• Crystalluria with high doses

Drug interaction

• Probenecid: Decreases renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin, increasing blood levels
• Oral anticoagulants: Potential enhancement of anticoagulant effect
• Allopurinol: Increased incidence of skin rash
• Methotrexate: Reduced renal clearance leading to increased methotrexate levels
• Oral contraceptives: Possible reduced efficacy requiring backup contraception
• Tetracyclines: Potential antagonism of bactericidal effect
• Mycophenolate mofetil: Reduced active metabolite levels
• Live bacterial vaccines: Antibiotics may interfere with vaccine response

Missed dose

If a dose is missed, administer as soon as remembered unless it is nearly time for the next scheduled dose. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed administration. Maintain regular dosing intervals to ensure consistent therapeutic blood levels. If multiple doses are missed, contact healthcare provider for guidance on resumption of therapy.

Overdose

Symptoms may include gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), electrolyte imbalances, and crystalline leading to renal impairment. Management consists primarily of supportive care with attention to hydration status and electrolyte balance. Hemodialysis may enhance elimination of both components. There is no specific antidote. Monitor renal function for several days post-overdose.

Storage

• Store tablets at controlled room temperature (20-25°C/68-77°F) in original container
• Keep tightly closed and protect from moisture
• Reconstituted oral suspension: Refrigerate at 2-8°C (36-46°F)
• Use reconstituted suspension within 10 days
• Do not freeze any formulations
• Keep all medications out of reach of children and pets
• Dispose of unused medication properly according to local regulations

Disclaimer

This information is provided for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting, changing, or stopping any medication. The prescribing physician should be aware of the complete medical history and concurrent medications. Dosage and administration may vary based on individual patient factors. Not all possible interactions, uses, or effects are listed here.

Reviews

Clinical efficacy: “Cepmox has demonstrated consistent efficacy in our practice for respiratory infections, particularly in areas with high beta-lactamase prevalence. The twice-daily dosing improves compliance significantly.” - Infectious Disease Specialist, 15 years experience

Tolerability profile: “While generally well-tolerated, we do see gastrointestinal side effects in approximately 10-15% of patients. Administration with food markedly reduces this incidence.” - Clinical Pharmacist, hospital setting

Pediatric use: “The availability of multiple suspension strengths allows precise dosing in children. The fruit-flavored formulations are generally accepted by pediatric patients.” - Pediatrician, community practice

Cost-effectiveness: “Compared to newer alternatives, Cepmox remains a cost-effective workhorse antibiotic for many common community-acquired infections where resistance patterns allow.” - Pharmacy Director, integrated health system