Lozol

Lozol (indapamide) is a thiazide-like diuretic medication prescribed for the management of hypertension and edema associated with congestive heart failure. It works by increasing the excretion of sodium and water from the body, thereby reducing blood volume and peripheral vascular resistance. This action leads to a sustained reduction in blood pressure and alleviation of fluid retention, offering a well-tolerated option for long-term cardiovascular management. Its once-daily dosing regimen supports patient adherence, making it a cornerstone in many antihypertensive and decongestive therapeutic strategies.

Features

• Active ingredient: Indapamide 2.5 mg
• Pharmacologic class: Thiazide-like diuretic/sulfonamide
• Administration: Oral tablet
• Standard dosing: Once daily
• Onset of diuretic action: Within 1-2 hours
• Peak effect: 2-3 hours post-administration
• Duration of action: Up to 24 hours
• Available in branded and generic formulations

Benefits

• Effectively lowers systolic and diastolic blood pressure through dual vasodilatory and diuretic mechanisms.
• Reduces edema and fluid overload in conditions like congestive heart failure, improving respiratory comfort and physical mobility.
• Supports long-term cardiovascular risk reduction by contributing to stable blood pressure control.
• Once-daily dosing enhances compliance and simplifies treatment regimens for chronic management.
• Generally well-tolerated profile with a lower incidence of hypokalemia compared to some other diuretics.
• Can be used as monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive agents for synergistic effects.

Common use

Lozol is primarily indicated for the treatment of essential hypertension, either as monotherapy or as part of a combination regimen. It is also used in the management of salt and fluid retention associated with congestive heart failure. Clinicians may prescribe it off-label for certain cases of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus or calcium nephrolithiasis, given its effects on renal calcium handling. It is not intended for the reduction of isolated peripheral edema without an underlying cardiovascular or hypertensive indication.

Dosage and direction

The typical adult dosage for hypertension or edema is 2.5 mg once daily, preferably taken in the morning to minimize nocturnal diuresis. Dosage may be adjusted to 1.25 mg daily in patients who experience excessive electrolyte disturbances or in those with renal impairment. Tablets should be taken with a full glass of water, with or without food. Consistent daily timing is recommended to maintain stable plasma concentrations. Dosage adjustments should only be made under medical supervision based on therapeutic response and laboratory parameters.

Precautions

Patients should be monitored regularly for electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia, hyponatremia, and hypochloremic alkalosis. Renal function should be assessed periodically, as pre-renal azotemia may occur in susceptible individuals. Use with caution in patients with hepatic impairment, as minor alterations in fluid and electrolyte balance may precipitate hepatic encephalopathy. Photosensitivity reactions have been reported; sun protection measures are advisable. Orthostatic hypotension may occur, especially during initial therapy or dose escalation.

Contraindications

Lozol is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to indapamide, other sulfonamide-derived drugs, or any component of the formulation. It should not be used in cases of anuria or severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 mL/min). Contraindications also include severe hepatic impairment and pre-existing significant hypokalemia. It is not recommended during breastfeeding due to secretion into human milk.

Possible side effect

Common adverse reactions include dizziness, headache, fatigue, muscle cramps or weakness, and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea or constipation. Electrolyte abnormalities like hypokalemia, hyponatremia, and hypochloremia may occur. Less frequently, orthostatic hypotension, increased serum uric acid, hyperglycemia, or hypercalcemia may be observed. Rare but serious side effects include pancreatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and acute interstitial nephritis. Any persistent or severe symptoms should be reported to a healthcare provider.

Drug interaction

Lozol may potentiate the effects of other antihypertensive agents, requiring dosage adjustment. Concurrent use with corticosteroids, amphotericin B, or other kaliuretic diuretics increases the risk of hypokalemia. NSAIDs may reduce its antihypertensive and diuretic efficacy. It may enhance the neurotoxic effects of lithium and increase the risk of digoxin toxicity in the setting of hypokalemia. Caution is advised when co-administering with drugs that prolong QT interval.

Missed dose

If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered on the same day. If it is near the time of the next dose, the missed dose should be skipped and the regular dosing schedule resumed. Doubling the dose is not recommended. Patients should be advised to maintain a consistent daily routine to avoid missed doses.

Overdose

Symptoms of overdose may include profound electrolyte disturbances (especially hypokalemia and hyponatremia), dehydration, hypotension, drowsiness, confusion, and gastrointestinal upset. Management involves symptomatic and supportive care, including electrolyte replacement and fluid resuscitation as needed. Gastric lavage may be considered if ingestion was recent. Hemodialysis is not effective for indapamide removal.

Storage

Store at room temperature (15–30°C or 59–86°F) in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep the container tightly closed and out of reach of children. Do not use after the expiration date printed on the packaging. Do not store in bathrooms or other humid areas.

Disclaimer

This information is intended for educational purposes and does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, changing, or discontinuing any medication. Individual patient needs and responses may vary.

Reviews

Clinical studies and post-marketing surveillance indicate that Lozol is effective in reducing blood pressure and managing edema, with a favorable tolerability profile. Many patients report improved quality of life due to reduced fluid retention and simplified dosing. Some note initial dizziness or electrolyte concerns, which often resolve with dosage adjustment or concomitant management. Physician feedback highlights its utility in combination therapies and in patients requiring long-term diuretic management.